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- <text id=93TT0343>
- <link 93TO0134>
- <title>
- Oct. 04, 1993: The Afghan Connection
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Oct. 04, 1993 On The Trail Of Terror
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- COVER, Page 64
- The Afghan Connection
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Afghanistan was a powerful catalyst in activating fundamentalist
- Muslim youth, inspiring if not actually training many militants.
- During the 1980s, thousands of volunteers from 50 countries
- rallied to the rebel mujahedin. Most of them worked for relief
- organizations or in hospitals and schools. A few thousand actually
- went into the field to fight. Some returned home to cause serious
- trouble for their rulers. Several of those arrested in the World
- Trade Center bombing were veterans of the Afghan campaign. The
- now imprisoned Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman made at least three trips
- to Afghanistan during the war, and two of his sons reportedly
- fought there. But there is no hard evidence on how many volunteers
- there were.
- </p>
- <p> In Egypt Mubarak calls the so-called Afghani veterans the main
- terrorist threat to the stability of his government. One of
- the two assailants killed in the attempt last month on the life
- of Interior Minister Hassan al-Alfi was a veteran of the Afghan
- war, as were others implicated in previous attacks on government
- officials. Montasser al-Zayat, a Cairo lawyer who represents
- many of the militants arrested in the past two years, claims
- that 20,000 Egyptians fought alongside the mujahedin. The government's
- experts put the figure closer to 2,500 and say that as many
- as half of them have returned home. A senior Western diplomat
- in Cairo insists that both estimates are too high. He says 2,500
- Arabs went to Afghanistan and that only about 200 Egyptians
- received combat training and returned to fight their government.
- Even so, says the diplomat, "it only takes a few to create the
- myth." In Algeria several hundred Arab veterans, known locally
- as "el-Afghanis," are fighting in the ranks of the Islamic Salvation
- Front. In Tunisia returnees from the battles against the Soviet
- army are supporting An-Nahda.
- </p>
- <p> During the war in Afghanistan, two main organizations provided
- a pipeline for volunteers, funding and relief workers. One was
- the Muslim Brotherhood, founded in Egypt in 1928, and the other
- was the World Muslim League, supported by Saudi Arabia. Linked
- to them were smaller groups of activists and influential individuals,
- including charismatic recruiter Abdullah Azzam, a Jordanian-born
- Palestinian who brought in hundreds of zealous volunteers, and
- his New York-based agent, Mustafa Shalabi, who ran the Alkifar
- Refugee Center in Brooklyn, known as "the Jihad office." Both
- Azzam and Shalabi were murdered in 1991. Another key figure
- was Saudi financier Osama bin Laden, who fought with the mujahedin
- himself and brought many others to the cause. Arab governments
- under attack by extremists often claim that the returned Afghan
- veterans are being directed by a central office in Afghanistan
- and financed by Iran. Such suspicions have not been proved.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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